|
Nosson Meir Wachtfogel ((ヘブライ語:נתן מאיר וכטפוגל)) (18 February 1910 in Kuhl, Lithuania – 21 November 1998 in Lakewood, New Jersey, USA), known as the Lakewood Mashgiach, was an Orthodox rabbi and long-time ''mashgiach ruchani'' (spiritual supervisor) of Beth Medrash Govoha (the Lakewood Yeshiva) in Lakewood, New Jersey. He was one of the primary builders of that yeshiva into a world-class institution,〔Dershowitz (2006), p. 299.〕 enacting the goals and direction set forth by its founding ''rosh yeshiva'', Rabbi Aharon Kotler. He also helped establish "branches" of the Lakewood Yeshiva in dozens of cities, and pioneered the community ''kollel'' concept with the opening of combination Torah learning/outreach centers in the United States and other countries. A revered mentor and guide to thousands of students over a career that spanned more than 50 years, he was a strong advocate and prime example of ''musar'' study and working on one's spiritual self-development. ==Early life== Nosson Meir Wachtfogel was born on 9 Adar I, 1910, in the small Lithuanian town of Kuhl, where his father, Rabbi Moshe Yom Tov Wachtfogel, was ''rav''. His father was a student of the Alter of Slabodka and one of the original 14 students of the Eitz Chaim Yeshiva in Slutsk headed by Rabbi Isser Zalman Meltzer.〔Wolpin (2002), pp. 232–247.〕 Nosson Meir studied in the Kelm Talmud Torah as a youth. In the early 1920s, his father accepted a rabbinical post in Montreal, Canada and moved there with his mother, while Nosson Meir remained in Kuhl to complete his ''mesivta'' program.〔 At age 15 he rejoined his parents in Canada and then went to learn at Yeshivas Rabbeinu Yitzchak Elchanan in New York. Among his study partners were future American rabbinical leaders Rabbis Avigdor Miller, Moshe Bick, and Yehuda Davis.〔 A few years later, when the yeshiva joined forces with Yeshiva University〔Silber (2003), pp. 136–140.〕 and added secular studies to its curriculum, Nosson Meir staged a protest, urging his friends to quit the yeshiva and go to study in the great yeshivas of Europe.〔 At age 17, he himself enrolled at the Mir yeshiva in the town of Mir, Belarus, where he remained for seven years. The ''musar'' emphasis and personal example of the Mir ''mashgiach'', Rabbi Yeruchom Levovitz, and his successor, Rabbi Yechezkel Levenstein, had a profound influence on Wachtfogel, who devoted the rest of his life to studying and disseminating ''musar'' and working on personal character development. He also studied under Rabbi Boruch Ber Leibowitz, ''rosh yeshiva'' of the Kaminetz yeshiva in Poland.〔 When Wachtfogel's mentor, Rabbi Levovitz, died in the summer of 1936, he decided to return to Canada. At that point he received ''semicha'' (rabbinic ordination) from Rabbi Leibowitz and Rabbi Shimon Shkop, ''rosh yeshiva'' of the Grodno yeshiva.〔 He also received ''semicha'' from Rabbi Eliezer Yehuda Finkel, ''rosh yeshiva'' of the Mir.〔 When his ship reached New York, he heard that Rabbi Elchonon Wasserman, ''rosh yeshiva'' of the Baranowitz Yeshiva, was fund-raising in that city, and went to talk with him about his concerns about living in materialistic America. Rabbi Wasserman advised him to return immediately to Europe and study in the Kelm Talmud Torah, which was known for its strong emphasis on ''musar'' and character-building. Although he had not seen or spoken to his parents for seven years, Wachtfogel received their blessings to return to Europe.〔〔〔 He remained in Kelm for over three years, studying mostly under Rabbi Daniel Movshovitz.〔 Even after World War II broke out, he continued to learn in the yeshiva, astounding those who found out he could leave any time with his Canadian passport.〔 Near the end of this period, he became engaged to Chava Shlomowitz, daughter of Rabbi Yisrael Zalman Shlomowitz (Rav of Geniendz) and a graduate of Sarah Schenirer's teacher's seminary in Kraków.〔〔 In June 1940, the Russians entered Kelm as part of the Russian occupation of the Baltic states and proceeded to confiscate businesses, enforce rationing, and put their sympathizers in control. British citizens in Kelm were advised by the British Consulate in Kovno to travel to Kovno and from there to be evacuated to Australia. Wachtfogel and another Canadian learning in Kelm, Rabbi Shmuel Schecter, together with Wachtfogel's bride, Chava Slomowitz, joined a group of British citizens stranded in Kelm—including the wife and daughter of Rabbi Eliyahu Eliezer Dessler—and a group from the Telshe Yeshiva on their flight to Australia.〔 In order to procure a visa for his bride, Wachtfogel had to prove that they were married. They did this by conducting the first half of their Jewish marriage ceremony, ''erusin'', in Kovno; their ''chuppah'' took place after they reached Montreal.〔〔Florans, Estie. "Ready for Moshiach: Mrs. Miriam Rubnitz remembers her revered father, Harav Nosson Meir Wachtfogel, ''zt"l''. ''Binah'', 24 December 2012, pp. 30–38.〕 The group departed on a ''Shabbat'', 26 October 1940, taking a train to Moscow via Riga. The next day they boarded the Trans-Siberian Express to Vladivostok, a journey of nine days, during which the religious Jews had nothing to eat but fruit and tea. From Vladivostok, they traveled by steamship to Brisbane, a voyage of nearly four and a half weeks (here their rations were limited to sardines, eggs, and tomatoes). While the British citizens in the group spent over six years in Australia waiting to be repatriated, Wachtfogel, Schechter and Wachtfogel's bride were given first-class airline tickets by the Board of Governors of the Australian Jewish community, which feared that these Torah scholars would foment a religious revival in their community.〔Rosenblum (2000), pp. 178–182.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nosson Meir Wachtfogel」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|